Implications of the operation of continuous granular activated carbon filters on the effluent quality

Author:

Kirchen Franziska1ORCID,Fundneider Thomas12,Lackner Susanne1

Affiliation:

1. a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences, Institute IWAR, Chair of Water and Environmental Biotechnology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

2. b Mecana AG, Industriestrasse 39, 8864 Reichenburg, Switzerland

Abstract

ABSTRACT Granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration is a commonly used method for advanced wastewater treatment. Filters can be operated continuously or discontinuously, with continuous operation not requiring feed flow interruption for backwashing and circulation (B/C). This study investigated the influence of B/C on the effluent quality of continuous filters. Two continuous GAC filters were operated for 1.5 years, with analysis of dissolved substances and particulate matter in the influent and effluent. The results indicated that various B/C modes had no impact on the removal of dissolved organic carbon and organic micropollutants (OMP), achieving an OMP removal of over 70% after 5,600 treated bed volumes (m3 treated wastewater per m3 GAC). However, it was evident that continuous B/C over 2–4 h resulted in increased turbidity, total suspended solids over 30 mg/L and total phosphorus concentrations of 1.3 mg/L in the filter effluent. Additionally, the study demonstrated that longer and more intensive B/C processes resulted in GAC size degradation with AC concentrations of up to 6.9 mg/L in the filter effluent, along with a change in GAC particle size. Furthermore, the importance of pre-filtration in reducing particulate matter in the filter influent and decreasing hydraulic head loss could be demonstrated.

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Reference30 articles.

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3. Bornemann C., Hachenberg M., Jagemann P., Lyko S., Benstöm F., Montag D., Platz S. & Wett M. 2012 Projekt Nr. 5: Ertüchtigung Kommunaler Kläranlagen, Insbesondere Kommunaler Flockungsfiltrationsanlagen durch den Einsatz von Aktivkohle. Elimination von Arzneimitteln und organischen Spurenstoffen: Entwicklung von Konzeptionen und Innovativen, Kostengünstigen Reinigungsverfahren (Project No. 5: Upgrading of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants, in Particular Municipal Flocculation Filtration Plants through the Use of Activated Carbon. Elimination of Pharmaceuticals and Organic Micropollutants: Development of Concepts and Innovative, Cost-Effective Purification Processes) 140.

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