Suitability of fecal sludge from composting toilets as feedstock for carbonization

Author:

Hübner Tobias1,Herrmann André2,Kretzschmar Jörg3,Harnisch Falk1

Affiliation:

1. Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, Department Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany

2. Biorefinery Department, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany

3. Biochemical Conversion Department, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany

Abstract

Abstract Composting toilets provide a promising decentralized alternative to sewer based sanitation systems. However, the valorization of fecal sludge from composting toilets (CFS) by conventional technologies is limited. In this study, we evaluated carbonization as an alternative valorization route for CFS, providing a time-efficient, decentral applicable and hygienically safe treatment option. CFS was carbonized using either pyrolysis (at 500 °C for 1 h) or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC, at 200 °C for 4 h). CFS exhibits promising feedstock characteristics, such as high total solids (TS, 21 ± 9%) and low ash content (9 ± 2%TS). HTC of CFS exhibits high char yields (75 ± 7%) while pyrolysis char from CFS exhibits elevated higher heating values (25 ± 2 MJ kg−1) and low ash content (24 ± 5%TS) compared to chars produced from fecal sludge (FS) from other sources. Further calculations showed that FS with low TS amended with sawdust can be used as inexpensive feedstock to achieve energy self-sufficient pyrolysis operation.

Funder

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung

Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Waste Management and Disposal,Water Science and Technology,Development

Reference41 articles.

1. Comparative evaluation of conventional and microwave hydrothermal carbonization of human biowaste for value recovery;Water Sci. Technol.,2017

2. Microwave hydrothermal carbonization of human biowastes;Waste Biomass Valorization,2015

3. Composting toilets as a sustainable alternative to urban sanitation – a review;Waste Manage.,2014

4. Efficient sludge thermal processing: from drying to thermal valorization;Tsotsas,2011

Cited by 10 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3