Author:
Derr Jeffrey,Robertson Lori,Watson Elizabeth
Abstract
Pendimethalin is commonly applied for PRE weed control in container nursery production. Field and laboratory trials were conducted to determine herbicide effectiveness and leaching of two pendimethalin formulations in pine bark, the primary component used in the growing medium of container-grown plants in the South. The microencapsulated (ME) formulation of pendimethalin gave lower control of southern crabgrass and leached deeper than the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation in pine bark. The EC formulation controlled southern crabgrass 93% compared with only 70% with the ME formulation at 4.48 kg ai ha−1. After applying 3.4 kg ai ha−1pendimethalin and 17.8 cm of irrigation water, the ME formulation showed greater leaching into the 3- to 6- and 6- to 9-cm depths than the EC formulation on the basis of a southern crabgrass bioassay. Using a microwave extraction method, only 0.91 mg kg−1pendimethalin was found in the 3- to 6-cm pine bark depth compared with 4.0 mg kg−1for the ME formulation. Below the 6-cm depth, no pendimethalin was detected when the EC formulation was applied, but 0.5 ppm was found for the ME formulation. No pendimethalin was detected in effluent collected from irrigation water for the EC; however, 3.0 mg kg−1was collected from leachate for the ME formulation. Pendimethalin ME is leaching much deeper than the EC formulation in the pine bark profile, which results in lower weed control. This extensive leaching of ME formulation may be due to capsule movement with the irrigation water, combined with a delayed release of pendimethalin, which then binds to the pine bark much lower in the container profile.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science
Reference22 articles.
1. Herbicidal response of container-grown rhododendron species;Singh;HortScience.,1981
2. Determination of triazines in soil by microwave-assisted extraction followed by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
3. Herbicide tolerance of selected ericaceous species;Skroch;J Env Hort.,1991
4. Effect of tillage and soil-applied herbicides on broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) control in corn (Zea mays);Mueller;Weed Technol.,1997
5. Preemergence herbicide effects on nursery crop root and shoot growth;Derr;J Environ Hort.,1996
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献