Field Presence of Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza Canadensis), Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium Album), and Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida) Biotypes with Elevated Tolerance to Glyphosate

Abstract

Late-season field surveys conducted in Indiana from 2003 to 2005 showed that common lambsquarters and giant ragweed plants were present in 11 and 22%, respectively, of randomly sampled soybean fields that also contained glyphosate-resistant horseweed. In the fall of 2005 and 2006, seed from 13 common lambsquarters and 22 giant ragweed populations were collected from previously surveyed fields that had confirmed glyphosate-sensitive or -resistant horseweed. The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of glyphosate-resistant horseweed was correlated with the presence of common lambsquarters and giant ragweed biotypes with elevated tolerance to glyphosate. Through a series of greenhouse screens, 57% of common lambsquarters and 31% of giant ragweed populations collected from fields that had glyphosate-resistant horseweed expressed elevated levels of glyphosate tolerance. However, elevated tolerance to glyphosate was expressed by 33% of giant ragweed and 100% of common lambsquarters populations collected in fields that had glyphosate-sensitive horseweed. Therefore, under the parameters of this experiment and through different types of analyses, we concluded there was not a strong correlation between the late-season presence of glyphosate-resistant horseweed and common lambsquarters and giant ragweed populations with elevated glyphosate tolerance in the same field. A number of the weed populations expressed significant stunting from exposure to glyphosate, but were able to resume growth. Thus, researchers should evaluate plant regrowth in addition to biomass suppression when making assessments of glyphosate resistance in weed populations through greenhouse and field screening.