Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among Haitian children under 6 months of age

Author:

Decelles Stéphane1,Nardocci Milena1,Mildon Alison2,Salameh Bana1,Batal Malek13

Affiliation:

1. TRANSNUT, WHO Collaborating Centre on Nutrition Changes and Development, Université de Montréal, Canada

2. Independent Consultant, Toronto, Canada

3. malek.batal@umontreal.ca

Abstract

Objective.

To identify the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among children under 6 months of age from three regions in the South and Grand’Anse Departments of Haiti.

Methods.

Data were pooled from three cross-sectional surveys conducted yearly from 2017 to 2019 with the guardians of 638 children under 6 months of age. A non-quantitative 24-hour dietary recall was used to assess EBF the day before the survey. Using unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios, associations were assessed between EBF and several explanatory factors: infant’s age and sex; maternal age, educational attainment, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), dietary diversity, number of children under 5 years of age, responsibility for the main or secondary source of income of the household, initiation of breastfeeding within one hour, knowledge of EBF duration; household severe food insecurity, socioeconomic status, dependency ratio, region, and residential zone (urban/rural).

Results.

Prevalence of EBF was 68% in the study sample. From the fully adjusted model, prevalence of EBF was statistically significantly higher among younger infants, mothers with larger MUAC, who met or exceeded Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W), who initiated breastfeeding within one hour, who were knowledgeable of the recommendations for EBF duration, and living in the Jérémie region.

Conclusions.

The main determinants of EBF identified in this study attest to the importance of breastfeeding mothers’ access to nutritious food for the practice and maintenance of EBF and the need for geographically equitable access to health services and education that support breastfeeding.

Publisher

Pan American Health Organization

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference36 articles.

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2. Micha R, Mannar V, Afshin A, Allemandi L, Baker P, Battersby J, et al. Global nutrition report: action on equity to end malnutrition. Bristol: Development Initiatives; 2020 [cited 2022 March 12]. Available from: https://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/2020-global-nutrition-report/

3. World Health Organization. Global targets 2025 to improve maternal, infant and young children nutrition. Geneva: WHO; 2017 [cited 2022 March 12]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-14.2

4. Balogun OO, Dagvadorj A, Anigo KM, Ota E, Sasaki S. Factors influencing breastfeeding exclusivity during the first 6 months of life in developing countries: a quantitative and qualitative systematic review. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(4):433–51.

5. Yalçin SS, Berde AS, Yalçin S. Determinants of exclusive breast feeding in sub‐Saharan Africa: a multilevel approach. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2016;30(5):439–49.

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