Local cryotherapy on the pancreas with pancreatic necrosis: Results of the experimental study

Abstract

Background. Acute pancreatitis retains its leading position in the structure of urgent abdominal pathology, maintaining a high postoperative mortality, despite the emergence of new methods of surgical treatment.The aim of the study: to evaluate pathomorphological changes in the pancreas, surrounding organs and tissues, clinical manifestations in dynamics after local cryotherapy on the pancreas in animals with experimental pancreatic necrosis for subsequent use of the method in clinical practice.Material and methods. An experimental study was performed on Wistar rats, in the main group, pancreatic necrosis was simulated with subsequent cryotherapy, in the control group, pancreatic necrosis was simulated and simple pancreatic mobilization was performed, in the third group, cryotherapy was performed on an unchanged gland. With the help of modern statistical methods, the effectiveness and safety of cryotherapy techniques were evaluated.Results. The optimal duration of cryoapplication is an interval of 3–4  seconds at a temperature of –195.75 °C, it is not accompanied by the formation of a cryonecrosis zone, promotes the regeneration of acinuses, does not damage the accumulation of endocrine cells, interrupting the course of pancreonecrosis, does not lead to a fatal outcome, a pronounced adhesive process, other serious intraabdominal complications.Conclusion. Cryotherapy on the pancreas in experimental pancreatic necrosis in  the  optimal temperature-time regime is accompanied by significantly lower mortality, is a safe technique and can be tested in clinical practice for the treatment of patients with this pathology.