Investigation of changes in young cardiac pathology cases before and during the pandemic process

Abstract

Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the effect of pandemic in cardiac pathologies, especially acute coronary syndrome in young cases.Material and Method: Between January 2019-May 2021, 510 young patients aged between 18-50 years with acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia or pericarditis were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups as pre-pandemic and pandemic period, and the pandemic period was divided into two groups as Coronavirus Disesase 2019 (COVID) (-)/(+). In addition, patients were divided into groups according to their diagnosis. Demographic data, diagnostic classifications, COVID-PCR results, white blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelet, platelet lymphocyte ratio, C reactive protein, glucose, troponin values and survival data of the patients were recorded.Results: The median age of 510 patients included in the study was 44(39-48) years, 395(77.5%) were male. When the diagnoses were put into groups by time, unstable angina was the most common diagnosis in each group. In the COVID(+) group, 39(23.8%) non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), 17(10.4%) inferior MI, and 14(8.5%) anterior MI were found. Twenty three (4.5%) of all cases resulted in mortality. According to the diagnoses, the most common mortality was in the inferior MI group with 10(28.6%) cases (p<0.001). During the pandemic period, 13(7.9%) of the COVID(+) patients resulted in mortality (p=0.016). Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome cases and cardiac pathologies other than unstable angina increased in young cases during the pandemic process. Mortality rates in all groups increased significantly during the pandemic and especially in COVID(+) cases compared to pre-pandemic.