Exploring the discoloration potential of Propolis extract and Morus nigra syrup on restorative dental composites: an in vitro study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse color stability of dental composites immersed in Propolis extract and Morus nigra syrup at in-vitro conditions simulating clinical usage time intervals and to explore the relationship between discoloration potential and phenolic contents. Material and Method: A total of 126 composite discs of nanohybrid (n=42), microfilled (n=42) and microhybrid (n=42) were prepared using a Teflon mold with a diameter/thickness of 6 mm/2 mm. After polishing procedures, composites were subdivided into three and immersed into %15 Propolis extract with total phenolic content=53 mg GAE/ml (B’eeo, İstanbul) and Morus nigra syrup with total phenolic content=25 mg GAE/100 g dw (Hünnap, İstanbul) and distilled water for 12 hours(T1) and 24 hours (T2) simulating 1-year and 2-year time spans respectively. Color measurements were performed by Vita easy Shade Compact (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) prior to immersion and analysed by CIEDE2000 formula. Result: Between T0 and T2, minimum/maximum color change values (ΔE) of nanohybrid, microfilled and microhybrid composites immersed in Propolis and Morus nigra syrup were 1,24/5,29 and 0,97/2,65 respectively. Nanohybrid composite discs were discolored within clinically acceptable limits in all test solutions. Microfilled and microhybrid composite discs showed clinically unacceptable discoloration at T1 and T2 periods in Propolis extract solution. Conclusion: The phenolic and flavonoid components of herbal formulations can be considered as one of the major determinants in discoloring potential.