Ongoing outbreak of hepatitis A associated with sexual transmission among men who have sex with men, Portugal, October 2023 to April 2024

Author:

Rosendal Ebba123ORCID,von Schreeb Sebastian4526,Gomes Alexandre7,Lino Sara8,Grau-Pujol Berta456,Magalhães Sara8,Ricoca Peixoto Vasco6,Roque Carla3,Moreno Joana5,Maltez Fernando8,Almeida Fernando9,Sá Machado Rita10,Marinho Rui Tato11,Vasconcelos Paula6,de Sousa Rita123,Vieira Martins João125

Affiliation:

1. ECDC Fellowship Programme, Public Health Microbiology path (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden

2. These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

3. Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute of Health Doctor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal

4. ECDC Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology path (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden

5. Directorate of Information and Analysis, Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal

6. Center for Public Health Emergencies, Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal

7. National Programmes for Tuberculosis, Viral Hepatitis, STI and HIV, Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal

8. Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de Curry Cabral; Unidade Local de Saúde de São José, Lisbon, Portugal

9. National Institute of Health Doctor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal

10. Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal

11. Medical School of Lisbon, Universidade de Lisboa; Local Unit of Health Santa Maria; National Programme for Viral Hepatitis, Directorate-General of Health; Lisbon, Portugal

12. These authors contributed equally to this work and share last authorship.

Abstract

An outbreak of hepatitis A is ongoing in Portugal, with 71 confirmed cases from 7 October 2023 to 24 April 2024. Most cases are male, aged 18–44 years, with many identifying as men who have sex with men (MSM) and reported as suspected sexual transmission. Phylogenetic analysis identified the subgenotype IA, VRD 521–2016 strain, last observed in an MSM-associated multi-country outbreak in 2016 to 2018. We wish to alert colleagues in other countries to investigate potential similar spread.

Publisher

European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)

Reference14 articles.

1. Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA IP). Inquérito Serológico Nacional 2015-2016: Doenças Evitáveis por Vacinação. [National serological survey 2015-2016: vaccine-preventable diseases]. Lisbon: INSA IP; 2017: 158 p. Portuguese. Available from: https://repositorio.insa.pt/bitstream/10400.18/5401/1/INSA_ISN-2015-2016-DEV_web.pdf

2. Seroprevalence and susceptibility to hepatitis A in the European Union and European Economic Area: a systematic review.;Carrillo-Santisteve;Lancet Infect Dis,2017

3. Hepatitis A outbreak disproportionately affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) in the European Union and European Economic Area, June 2016 to May 2017.;Ndumbi;Euro Surveill,2018

4. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Surveillance atlas of infectious diseases. Stockholm: ECDC. [Accessed: 15 Apr 2024]. Available from: http://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public

5. European Commission. Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/945 of 22 June 2018 on the communicable diseases and related special health issues to be covered by epidemiological surveillance as well as relevant case definitions. Official Journal of the European Union. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union 6.7.2018:L 170/1. Available from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX%3A32018D0945&from=EN%29

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