The Correlation of Clinical Outcomes (Marginal Bone Loss, Probing Depth, and Patient Satisfaction) With Different Prosthetic Aspects of Implant Overdentures: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Implant overdentures increase retention, stability, support, and subsequently comfort and patient satisfaction with removable dentures. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of clinical outcomes (marginal bone loss, probing depth, and patient satisfaction) with different prosthetic aspects of mandibular implant overdentures. Seventy-four implant overdenture wearers who had received their overdentures between 1 to 5 years ago were selected using simple cluster sampling. The data investigated included mucosal health of the mouth, condition of peri-implant tissues, marginal bone loss (MBL), and patient satisfaction. The relationship of MBL and probing depth (PD) with independent variables was assessed by Pearson and Spearman's rho correlation coefficients. The comparisons of MBL, PD, patient satisfaction, and tissue irritation among different states of independent variables were done by analysis of covariance, Tukey and Tamhane post-tests, and chi-square tests (α = 0.05). A total of 186 implants were evaluated. The mean ages of participants and overdentures were 61.62 ± 9.28 (year) and 38.45 ± 16.64 (month), respectively. The survival rate and success rate were calculated to be 100% and 97.8%, respectively. Higher width of attached gingiva was correlated with less PD significantly (P = .006). Gingival index (P < .001) and plaque index (P = .006) were correlated with PD positively. Mean MBL for those who needed matrix/patrix adjustment was significantly higher than that of those who did not need it (P = .025). Taking into account our small sample size, the results of this study suggest that healthy peri-implant mucosa is significantly correlated with the presence of attached gingiva and appropriate oral health care. Furthermore, patients receiving implant overdentures should be informed about the importance of regular recalls.