Sulphoxidation reaction catalysed by myeloperoxidase from human leucocytes

Abstract

The oxidation of alkyl aryl sulphides by myeloperoxidase (MPO) at the expense of hydrogen peroxide was investigated under steady-state conditions. The sulphide concentration effect was studied under saturating H2O2 concentrations at pH 5.0 and 20 °C. The kinetic constants, kcat and Km, of the different substrates were determined and the values were in the 1–10 s-1 range and around 43±26 µM respectively, whatever the sulphide considered. In the case of p-substituted thioanisoles, the oxidation rate was dependent upon the substituent effect. The correlation of log(kcat) with the substituent constants (δ+ values) (Hammett equation) could be explained by a reaction mechanism involving the enzyme compound II and a sulphenium radical cation. This conclusion was also supported by spectrophotometric analysis of catalytic intermediates of the enzyme, showing the accumulation of compound II. Moreover, chiral HPLC analyses showed that MPO oxidation of alkyl aryl sulphides produced the corresponding (R)-sulphoxides with a low enantioselectivity (4–8%). Chloride ion effects on the MPO-catalysed oxygenation of sulphides were also studied. Chloride acted as a substrate for MPO and as an activator in MPO-catalysed sulphoxidation. Inhibition occurred at chloride concentrations above 120 mM, whereas below 120 mM, chloride increased the reaction rate when using p-tolyl methyl sulphide as the substrate. In the presence of 100 mM chloride the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of MPO increased 3–4-fold, whatever the sulphide considered, but racemic products were obtained. These data have been interpreted in the light of known structural information on the accessibility of the distal haem cavity.