Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts the short-term outcomes of Chinese patients with acute ischaemic stroke

Abstract

Low vitamin D levels have been reported to contribute to the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, especially stroke. In the present study we therefore evaluated the short-term prognostic value of serum 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in Chinese patients with AIS (acute ischaemic stroke). From February 2010 to September 2012, consecutive stroke patients admitted to the emergency department at two hospitals in Beijing, China were identified. Clinical information was collected, and the serum concentration of 25(OH)D and NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured using a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days after admission. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. During the inclusion period, 231 patients were diagnosed as having AIS, and 220 completed follow-up. The median serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in patients with AIS compared with normal controls [14.2 (10.2–18.9) ng/ml compared with 17.9 (12.5–22.9) ng/ml; P<0.001; values are medians (interquartile range)]. 25(OH)D was an independent prognostic marker of short-term functional outcome and death {0.79 (0.73–0.85) and 0.70 (0.50–0.98) respectively [values are odds rations (95% confidence intervals)]; P<0.01 for both, adjusted for NHISS, other predictors and vascular risk factors} in patients with AIS. In ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis, the prognostic accuracy of 25(OH)D was higher compared with all of the other serum predictors and was in the range of NIHSS score. In conclusion, these findings suggest that 25(OH)D is an independent prognostic marker for death and functional outcome within 90 days in Chinese patients with AIS even after adjusting for possible confounding factors