The molecular and crystal structures of 4-N-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-l-asparagine trihydrate and 4-N-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-l-asparagine monohydrate. The X-ray analysis of a carbohydrate–peptide linkage

Abstract

X-ray analyses have shown that the glucopyranose rings of GlcNAc-Asn [4-N-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-l-asparagine] and Glc-Asn [4-N-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-l-asparagine] both have the C-1 chair conformation and also that the glucose–asparagine linkage of each molecule is present in the β-anomeric configuration. The dimensions (the estimated standard deviations of the last digit are in parentheses) of the glycosidic bond in GlcNAc-Asn and Glc-Asn are, respectively, C(1)-N(1) 0.1441(6)nm, 0.146(2)nm; angle O(5)-C(1)-N(1) 106.8(3)°, 105.7(8)° angle C(2)-C(1)-N(1) 111.1(4)°, 110.4(9)° angle C(1)-N(1)-C(9) 121.4(4)°, 120.5(9)°. The glycosidic torsion angle C(9)-N(1)-C(1)-C(2) is 141.0° and 157.6° in GlcNAc-Asn and Glc-Asn respectively. Hydrogen-bonding is extensive in these two crystal structures and does affect one torsion angle in particular. Two very different values of χ1(N-Cα-Cβ-Cγ) occur for the asparagine residue of the two different molecules; the values of χ1, −69.0° in GlcNAc-Asn and 61.9° in Glc-Asn, correspond to two different staggered conformations about the Cα-Cβbond as the NH3+group is adjusted to different hydrogen-bonding patterns. The two trans-peptide groups in GlcNAc-Asn show small distortions in planarity whereas that in Glc-Asn is more non-planar. The mean plane through the atoms of the amide group at C(2) in GlcNAc-Asn is approximately perpendicular (69°) to the mean plane through the C(2), C(3), C(5) and O(5) atoms of the glucose ring and that at C(1) is less perpendicular (65°). The mean plane through the atoms of the amide group in Glc-Asn makes an angle of only 55° with the mean plane through these same four atoms of the glucose ring. The N(1)-H bond of the amide at C(1) is trans to the C(1)-H bond in these two compounds; the N(2)-H bond of the amide at C(2) is trans to the C(2)-H bond in GlcNAc-Asn. The values of the observed and final calculated structure amplitudes have been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50035 (26 pages) at the British Library (Lending Division), (formerly the National Lending Library for Science and Technology), Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies may be obtained on the terms given in Biochem. J. (1973) 131, 5.