Abstract
Introduction: Motor transport with internal combustion engines powered by diesel fuel and gasoline is one of the main sources of ambient air pollution since its emissions pose an urgent medical and environmental challenge.
The objective of the study was to identify priority pollutants from emissions of motor vehicles powered by internal combustion engines based on the results of a systematic review in order to substantiate the main preventive strategy to mitigate the associated public health adverse effects.
Methods: We did keyword search for relevant publications in several electronic databases, such as the Russian Science Citation Index, CyberLeninka, Scopus, and WoS. Research papers published in 2000–2021 were selected for the analysis. Out of 103 topical full-text publications, 59 works met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review.
Results: We observed that atmospheric emissions of internal combustion engines represent a complex agglomeration of gases, vapors, and particulate matter. The chemicals present in the emissions impair the oxygen transport function by inhibiting cellular respiration, cause irritation of mucous membranes, have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, contribute to the occurrence of acid rains and to global warming. The biological effect of airborne particles largely depends on their size. It has been established that an increase in the number of airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm is associated with the risk of endothelial inflammation, thrombosis, increased cell permeability, and DNA methylation. It has been also demonstrated that a 5 µg/m3 increment in ambient concentrations of fine particles (< 2.5 μm) causes a 7 % increase in the mortality rate. At the same time, PM2.5 exposure-related risks of excess deaths from cardiovascular diseases are twice as high as those posed by exposure to PM10.
Conclusions: Diesel and gasoline engine exhausts are a significant risk factor for human health. An effective preventive strategy should be aimed at replacing heavy hydrocarbon motor fuels by compressed gas using hydrogen cells and electric motors.
Publisher
Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Complementary and alternative medicine,Pharmaceutical Science
Reference59 articles.
1. Mongush A, Mongush SCh. Impact of vehicle for the environment. Tekhnika i Tekhnologiya Transporta. 2021;(4(23)):24. (In Russ.) Accessed May 16, 2022. http://transport-kgasu.ru/files/N23-24ET421.pdf
2. Musikhina SA, Stepanova VG, Musikhina EA. Sanitary and hygienic characteristics of the ambient air of major roads in an industrial city. Zdorov’e Naseleniya i Sreda Obitaniya. 2021;(1(334)):49-53. (In Russ.) doi: 10.35627/2219-5238/2021-334-1-49-53
3. Akulov KA, Voevodin ES. Motorization and its impact on the ecology of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Tekhnika i Tekhnologiya Transporta. 2021;(2(21)):24. (In Russ.) Accessed May 16, 2022. http://transport-kgasu.ru/files/ N21-24IT221.pdf
4. Rakitskii VN, Avaliani SL, Novikov SM, Shashina TA, Dodina NS, Kislitsin VA. Health risk analysis related to exposure to ambuent air contamination as a component in the strategy aimed at reducing global non-infectious epidemics. Health Risk Analysis. 2019;(4):30-35. doi: 10.21668/health.risk/2019.4.03.eng
5. Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA 3rd, et al. Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: An update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;121(21):2331-2378. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献