Association of Different Type of Refractive Errors with Parental Cousin Marriages

Abstract

Refractive errors are the major reason of visual impairment and its prevalence has increased over time. Refractive errors affect ocular structures as corneal shape, eye’s axial length, vitreous changes and retinal dystrophies. Uncorrected and high degree of refractive errors are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Due to several mechanism, there is an increased risk of refractive errors with parental cousin marriages. Objective: To find association of different types of refractive errors in patients with positive history of parental consanguinity, and to evaluate that which type of refractive error is more compromised. Methods: A cross-sectional study accompanied 175 patients having positive history of consanguinity age between 14-35 years was performed at the University of Lahore, Teaching Hospital Pakistan during September 2020 to January 2021. Using non probability convenient sampling technique 175 individuals were evaluated for refractive error type with positive parental consanguinity. To measure distance visual acuity of patients, Standard Snellen chart at (6m) was used. Data were recorded by asking the patients to fill a self-made Performa. Results: Myopic refractive error is most common type of error with consanguinity patients as compare to hyperopic patients. Second most common error occurs myopic astigmatism. Hypermetropia was seen very less with consanguinity history. Refractive errors in total families found 68% with myopia and myopic astigmatism 40%. Conclusions: Refractive errors found more with consanguinity history as compare to patients with absence of consanguinity history.