Comparison of Outcomes of Three Different Modalities for Treatment of Acute Fingertip Injuries

Abstract

The fingertip has a crucial role in providing tactile and sensory functions to the brain. Anatomically, it refers to the region behind the extensor tendons and point of insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis at the distal phalanx or interphalangeal joint in the case of the thumb. Objective: To compare the outcomes of three different modalities for managing acute fingertip injuries involving healing by secondary intention, primary closure, and local flap coverage. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted, employing non-probability consecutive sampling. The inclusion criteria consisted of patients aged 20 to 40 years with fingertip injuries and tissue loss categorized as Allen II, III, or IV injuries. Cold intolerance was assessed using the Cold Intolerance Severity Symptom (CISS) questionnaire, which assigns a score ranging from 0 to 100. The sensibility of the injured and uninjured fingers was evaluated using the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test (SWF). The chi-square test was used to examine relevant relationships. Results: Statistically significant associations were observed between smoking, comorbidities, and treatment modalities (p < 0.001). Among smokers, 81% received Group A treatment, while only 38% of smoking patients were treated with Group B and 69% with Group C. In the Group A treatment, 54.8% of patients were left-handed, 57.1% had Allen III classification, 54.8% had transverse injuries, and only 8% experienced short-term complications (infection). Conclusions: Based on the study findings, no significant differences were identified among the three treatment modalities.