Microbial and Parasitic Infection in Fish

Abstract

Major concerns in the fisheries business are parasitic fish and bacterial infections. When it comes to aquatic life microbes are a regular occurrence. The majority of microbes are naturally occurring in water. Because of poor environmental conditions, limited nutrition, and inefficient fish husbandry practices, they only cause diseases. Some microbial infections occur in fresh water fish (Pseudomonas infection, Acinetobacter infections, bacterial gill diseases), in marine water (Vibriosis, Tenacibaculosis, streptococcal infections, bacterial skin diseases) and in brackish water (Red sea bream iridoviral disease (RSID, Lymphocystis disease (LCD). All these infections affect fish differently. Parasitic illnesses can cause epidemics in fish that are overcrowded or under other unnatural situations. A large number of fish species have been severely impacted by parasite and bacterial species. Some parasitic infections of fresh water are Renal Sphaerosporosis, due to leeches and nematodes, isopods and Gill Monogeneans; in amarine water are Microsporidiosis, Cryptocaryonosis and Brooklynelliosis and in brackish water are Diplostomum spathaceum metacercarial infections. Some preventive actions are done to control this problem. In this review there is a complete detail about parasite and bacterial infections and how they can be prevented.