Evaluation Of Histopathological Lesion In Oral And Maxillofacial Department At Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar

Abstract

Around the world, maxillofacial disorders are distributed widely. The oral and maxillofacial area is affected by a wide variety of illnesses, from inflammatory lesions to benign and malignant cancers. Objective: This is a base line study that will aid in the diagnosis and management of oral healthcare and also guide recommendations and associated research in the local population in the future. Methods: In this descriptive observational study, 124 patients with orofacial lesions reported at the Hayat Abad medical complex, Department of Oral Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery between 2021 and 2022 were analyzed. Result: A total of 124 orofacial lesions were found, of which 47 were malignant and 57 benign, with the posterior mandible being the most commonly affected area. The pathology that affected most frequently was squamous cell carcinoma. In the fourth, fifth, and sixth decades of life, the soft tissue lesion affected 41% of males and 37% of females. These included squamous cell carcinoma well-differentiated in 32 (25.80%), fibrous epulis in 11 (8.8%), and pyogenic granuloma in 16 (12.90%) of cases. Conclusion: With the posterior mandibular area being the most common site, oral squamous cell carcinoma affects adolescents and the elderly with the most incidence rate.