Multi Drug Resistance Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Frequency and Antibiogram in A Tertiary Teaching Care Hospital in Pakistan

Abstract

Antibiotic usage and misuse increases the risk of developing bacteria that are resistant to treatment. A Gram-negative, aerobic bacillus called Pseudomonas aeruginosa is mostly responsible for nosocomial opportunistic infections. Objectives: To assess pathogen load and drug susceptibility profiles of Peshawar clinical specimens collected with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Methods: Isolates were gathered from a variety of specimens, including pus, tracheal aspirate, swabs containing wound samples, fluids such as urine or blood, from department of microbiology hospital of Khyber teaching Peshawar. Clinical in-vitro study which were carried out at the Pharmacology Department, University of Peshawar. Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method was used to identify the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility. Requirements of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2018) were followed for processing samples. Results: P. aeruginosa was found to be multidrug-resistant in about 56 percent of cases. The majority of the isolates (36.5%) were found in people between the ages of "60-80". Pus included the greatest percentage of MDR P. aeruginosa (34.2%), followed by tracheal aspiration (21.7 percent). Colistin had the highest sensitivity (100%) and was followed by ceftolozane/tazobactam (61 percent). With imipenem, the least sensitivity was noticed (20 percent). However, all anti-pseudomonal medications showed an increase in resistance. Conclusion: In our system, MDR P. aeruginosa infections are becoming more frequent. This threat can be avoided by prescribing antibiotics carefully. For the community to receive appropriate healthcare, regular lab identification and surveillance of this resistant pathogen is necessary