Association of the thyroid Function disorder with recurrent pregnancy loss in women

Abstract

Thyroid function disorder is a very common disorder among the general population. Almost 3% of the people around the globe are receiving thyroid replacement therapy around the globe. Objectives: The study aimed to screen the thyroid function disorder among the women with recurrent pregnancy loss. The treatment effects of thyroid disorder on the pregnancy outcomes were also assessed. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted at Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital Sialkot and Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi for duration of six months from October 2021 to March 2022. The 110 patients were included in the study to screen abnormal thyroid function and its association with recurrent pregnancy loss. All patients were fully aware of the study and informed consent was taken. Different screening test such as free thyroxin (FT4), Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri-iodothyronin (FT3) and thyroperoxidase antibodies test were performed and data was collected. The thyroxin was given to the patients with abnormal TSH levels. Results: The free thyroxin (FT4), (TSH), free tri-iodothyronin (FT3) and anti thyroperoxidase level were measured. Out of 110 patients that participated there were 36% in which elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone was observed. Among these 36%, there were 22% that had the level of TSH more than 10 mU/L and there were 14% patients that had their TSH levels in the range of 7-10 mU/L.  These patients were given thyroxin approximately 26-75 μg per day and the amount of thyroxin was adjusted according to the level of Thyroid stimulating hormone. Out of these 36% women that had high levels of TSH, there were 21 women that conceived within 1 year of treatment. Among the 33% women with high level of TSH, there were 39 that underwent the anti TPO test. Conclusion: Women who face recurrent pregnancy loss should be checked for thyroid abnormality as it was detected that there is significant number of women who face hypothyroidism and recurrent pregnancy loss.