Evaluation of Relationship of Diabetic Foot Ulcers with Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus that is poorly treated commonly results in the development of diabetic foot ulcers, which is one of the condition's most serious effects. The most typically affected areas of the foot are those that are continually under pressure and prone to friction. Diabetic foot ulcers are caused by a variety of factors. It is estimated that between 10% and 20% of diabetics also have peripheral arterial disease (PAD). In many cases, there are no obvious signs. Objective: To evaluate the of relationship of diabetic foot ulcers with peripheral arterial disease in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional investigation at Shaikh Zayed Hospital from august 2022 to February 2023, involving individuals aged 50 years or older who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our study encompassed the assessment of both variables, where we examined the ankle-brachial index for each participant and documented relevant clinical details and anthropometric measurements. Results: Mean age of these patients was 61.34 years with a standard deviation of 3.61. In terms of gender distribution, 105 individuals were male, accounting for 63.63% of the sample, while 60 were female, representing 36.36%. The mean time with diabetes was 18.21 years with a standard deviation of 3.12. The mean ulcer size measured 8.61 millimeters with a standard deviation of 0.11. For patients with diabetic foot ulcers, there were 64 (78.04%) cases with peripheral arterial disease. Conclusions: This study identified a correlation between peripheral arterial disease and diabetic foot ulcers among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.