Affiliation:
1. Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
2. Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract
The genesis main directions of the Ishim steppe watershed plain soils depending on their economic use (arable land, forest belt, abandoned land) during the 1950s – 2020s were revealed. Within the studied region, soils were diagnosed on lands of different use. It is shown that the regional morphogenetic feature of all watershed plain soils is the tonguing of the humus horizon, which is reflected in their classification status by the allocation of a dark-tonguic subtype of the soils. Differentiation of the agrodarkhumus horizon into two subhorizons under the influence of plane-cutting processing was revealed in the agrozem, prevailing by area. The manifestation of postagrogenic transformation of soils occurring under forest belts and under deposits with herbaceous vegetation is determined. Postagrogenic soils are characterized by a granular structure, higher reserves of humus and total nitrogen in a layer of 0–20 cm compared to agrozems. In the soil of the forest belt, a coarse-humus neo-horizon was formed, which is not typical of steppe soils. The soil under abandoned for a long time grassland has signs of dark humus horizon progradation to a state close to a virgin one. The additional surface moistening of micro-subsidence soils causes them to have a higher humus content and its reserves in the 0–100 cm layer, deeper leaching of carbonates, the formation of a clay-illuvial horizon in the carbonate-free zone and prevents the formation of a gypsum horizon. The groundwater level raising in the modern period, which is a consequence of the mass plowing and functioning of impenetrable protective forest belts in the study area, caused the appearance of neo-hydromorphism in watershed plain soils and the formation of quasi-clay subtypes. The results indicate the regional specificity of the genetic properties of the Ishim steppe watershed plain soils that distinguish them from their European counterparts, as well as the influence of agrogenic transformation as an anthropogenic factor on them. This influence is reflected in the morphology of soils, their humus state, the nature of the carbonate and gypsum profiles, the processes of halogenesis in them and the variety of salt profiles.
Publisher
V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Reference50 articles.
1. Azarenko M.A., Kazeev K.Sh., Ermolaeva O.Yu., Kolesnikov S.I., Izmenenie rastitel'nogo pokrova i biologicheskikh svoystv chernozemov v postagrogennyy period (Changes in vegetation cover and biological properties of chernozems in the post-agrogenic period), Pochvovedenie, 2020, No. 11, pp. 1412–1422, DOI: 10.31857/S0032180X20110039.
2. Bashkatova L.N., Shmidt A.G., Dinamika fosfora i kaliya v pochvakh stepi Omskoy oblasti (Dynamics of phosphorus and potassium in the soils of the steppe of the Omsk region), In: Sovremennoe sostojanie i problemy racional'nogo ispol'zovanija pochv Sibiri: mat-ly Mezhdunar nauch-prakt. konf (Proc. Int. Sci. and Pract. Conf. “The current state and problems of rational use of soils in Siberia”), Omsk, 2020, pp. 70–75.
3. Bezuglova O.S., Minaeva E.N., Morozov I.V., Genezis karbonatnogo i gipsonosnogo gorizontov v chernozemakh obyknovennykh karbonatnykh (Genesis of carbonate and gypsum-bearing horizons in chernozems ordinary carbonate), Nauka Yuga Rossii, 2019, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 55–62, DOI: 10.7868/S25001640190407.
4. Belyaev A.B., Mnogoletnyaya dinamika svoystv chernozemov vyshchelochennykh pod raznymi lesonasazhdeniyami (Long-term dynamics of properties of chernozems leached under different forest plantations), Pochvovedenie, 2007, No. 8, pp. 917–926.
5. Bekhovykh Yu.V., Izmenenie morfologicheskikh priznakov i nekotorykh fizicheskikh svoystv chernozemov yuzhnogo i vyshchelochennogo Priobskogo plato pod drevesnoy porodoy Betulla pendula (Changes in morphological features and some physical properties of the chernozems southern and leached Priobsky plateau under the Betulla pendula tree species), Vestnik Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta, No. 3 (161), 2018, pp. 32–37.