Contemporary aspects of tuberculosis in children without BCG vaccination

Abstract

The objective of the study: to analyze the changes in tuberculosis incidence among children not vaccinated with BCG taking into account clinical and epidemiological indicators.Subjects and methods. The data of 66 children who were not vaccinated with BSG and developed tuberculosis were analyzed. The data were obtained from medical files of St. Petersburg TB Dispensary from 2006 to 2019 inclusive.Results. From 2006 to 2019 in St. Petersburg, 66 children not vaccinated with BCG fell ill with tuberculosis, of them, 44 (66.7%) cases were detected in 2013-2019, and the major reason (22.7%) of the lack of BCG vaccination was the unmotivated refusal of parents.The incidence of complicated course of tuberculosis in unvaccinated children made 45.4%. In the structure of medical contraindications to BCG vaccination, HIV infection was the most prevalent (58.2%), including both as prenatal exposure to the mother and HIV positive status of the child.In 61.4% of cases, unvaccinated children who developed tuberculosis were exposed to adult tuberculosis patients.The lethal outcome (for the period 2013-2019) was registered in 3/44 children, all under 1 year, all had a congenital pathology which made the cause of death.