1. 1. Tsubota K, Toda I, Yagi Y, Ogawa Y, Ono M, Yoshino K. Three different types of dry eye syndrome. Cornea. 1994;13(3):202-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003226- 199405000-00002
2. 2. Horwath-Winter J, Berghold A, Schmut O, Floegel I, Solhdju V, Bodner E, et al. Evaluation of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(10):1364-8. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.121.10.1364 Table 5. Relationship between demographic factors and attitude and knowledge toward DES. 18-25 Age Gender 26-35 36-55 Over 55 Male Female Routine ophthalmologist visit Yes 9.6% 7.1% 10.9% 34.5% 10.0% 11.9% No 90.4% 92.9% 89.1% 65.5% 90.0% 88.1% p-value 0.000* 0.531 Do you know DES? Yes 54.1% 56.0% 50.4% 58.6% 46.3% 59.0% No 45.9% 44.0% 49.6% 41.4% 53.7% 41.0% p-value 0.793 0.008 Knowledge about the Causes of DES No 78.0% 90.5% 86.0% 89.7% 73.7% 90.4% Yes 22.0% 9.5% 14.0% 10.3% 26.3% 9.6% p-value 0.03* 0.000* Knowledge about Symptoms of DES No 80.4% 82.1% 82.9% 82.8% 73.7% 87.4% Yes 19.6% 17.9% 17.1% 17.2% 26.3% 12.6% p-value 0.936 0.00* Knowledge about Complications of DES No 67.8% 63.1% 68.0% 69.0% 55.3% 75.7% Yes 32.2% 36.9% 32.0% 31.0% 44.7% 24.3% p-value 0.863 0.000* Knowledge about Prevention of DES No 77.5% 82.1% 85.3% 65.5% 72.1% 85.4% Yes 22.5% 17.9% 14.7% 34.5% 27.9% 14.6% p-value 0.071 0.000* Awareness and knowledge toward dry eye disease 844
3. 3. Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, Caffery B, Dua HS, Joo C-K, et al. TFOS DEWS II definition and classification report. Ocul Surf. 2017;15(3):276-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jtos.2017.05.008
4. 4. Grubbs JR Jr, Tolleson-Rinehart S, Huynh K, Davis RM. A review of quality of life measures in dry eye questionnaires. Cornea. 2014;33(2):215-8. https://doi. org/10.1097/ICO.0000000000000038
5. 5. Alshamrani AA, Almousa AS, Almulhim AA, Alafaleq AA, Alosaimi MB, Alqahtani AM, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye symptomsin a SaudiArabian population. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2017;24(2):67-73. https:// doi.org/10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_281_16