Development of Green Differential Pulse Voltammetric Strategy for the Determination of Alfuzosin Hydrochloride at Pencil Graphite and Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes

Abstract

A sensitive and inexpensive differential pulse voltammetric technique was applied to investigate the electrochemical behavior of alfuzosin hydrochloride at two different working electrodes: silica gel modified carbon paste and pencil graphite electrodes (PGE). The voltammetric conditions were optimized using cyclic voltammetry, showing an irreversible anodic peak in Britton-Robinson buffered medium (pH 6) at 0.86–0.90 V. The electrochemical responses were linearly correlated with alfuzosin concentrations (R2 > 0.999) in the ranges of 0.6–20 and 0.3–20 μM, exhibiting higher electrocatalytic activity at PGE with a low detection limit/ detectability of 0.099 μM. In addition, this study was a successful attempt for the drug determination in tablets and spiked urine samples with green profile evaluation, employing the National Environmental Methods Index, analytical Eco-Scale score, and Green Analytical Procedure Index.