Outbreak of Bilateral Endophthalmitis After Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery

Abstract

ImportanceSince bilateral simultaneous postoperative endophthalmitis (BSPOE) after immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) can be devastating for the patient, evaluating such cases in depth is important to maintaining patient safety.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a systemic breach of sterility was associated with an outbreak of BSPOE after ISBCSs performed on the same day at a single community-based eye clinic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective case series included all patients diagnosed with BSPOE at ophthalmology departments in Denmark following an infectious outbreak after ISBCSs performed at a single community-based eye clinic in December 2022.ExposureBilateral simultaneous postoperative endophthalmitis acquired after ISBCS.Main Outcome and MeasuresPatient recovery from BSPOE after ISBCS was evaluated based on clinical and microbiological reports.ResultsA woman aged 71 years, a man aged 84 years, and a woman aged 79 years consecutively presented with symptoms of endophthalmitis at regional eye departments 4 to 8 days after ISBCS performed on the same date at the same eye clinic. Five of 6 infected eyes underwent vitrectomy, and all eyes received an intravitreous injection of antibiotics. The same strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated in 4 of 5 eyes that underwent vitrectomy. Contamination of viscoelastics was ruled out with repeated cultures. One eye was eviscerated due to phthisis. In another patient, the final visual acuity of the eye most severely affected was 20/63 Snellen equivalents. Visual acuity of the remaining eyes recovered to 20/25 (3 eyes in 2 patients) and 20/20 (1 eye) Snellen equivalents.Conclusions and RelevanceThe finding of the same strain of S epidermidis in all patient cultures suggests a systemic breach of sterility at the clinic on the day of ISBCS. The outcome of these cases emphasizes the need to adhere to a strict surgical methodology and sterile principles during ISBCS.