Significance of PD-L1 in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Author:

Maiorano Brigida Anna1,Di Maio Massimo23,Cerbone Linda4,Maiello Evaristo1,Procopio Giuseppe5,Roviello Giandomenico6, ,Accettura Caterina7,Aieta Michele7,Alberti Martina7,Aliprandi Marta7,Altavilla Amelia7,Antonuzzo Lorenzo7,Artemi Adele7,Arundine Dario7,Astore Serena7,Attademo Laura7,Atzori Francesco7,Aurilio Gaetano7,Azzariti Amalia7,Baciarello Giulia7,Baier Susanne7,Baldazzi Valentina7,Banna Giuseppe L7,Barile Carmen7,Barra Salvina7,Barraco Chiara7,Basile Debora7,Bassanelli Maria7,Basso Umberto7,Bauckneht Matteo7,Bearz Alessandra7,Bellia Salvatore R7,Benedetti Benedetta7,Berardi Rossana7,Bergamini Marco7,Bersanelli Melissa7,Bertoni Maria7,Bianchi Emanuela7,Biasini Claudia7,Bidin Livia7,Bimbatti Davide7,Bleve Sara7,Boccardo Francesco7,Bolzacchini Elena7,Bonato Adele7,Bonomi Lucia7,Bordonaro Sebastiano7,Borghesi Marco7,Bortolus Roberto7,Bortot Lucia7,Bosso Davide7,Bottiglieri Achille7,Bozza Giovanni7,Bregni Marco7,Brighi Nicole7,Bronte Enrico7,Bruni Alessio7,Bruno Michele7,Buffoni Martina7,Buonerba Luciana7,Buonerba Carlo7,Buti Sebastiano7,Buttigliero Consuelo7,Cadau Jessica7,Caffo Orazio7,Calabrò Fabio7,Calvani Nicola7,Campobasso Davide7,Capacci Samanta7,Capitanio Umberto7,Caponnetto Salvatore R7,Carella Claudia7,Carlini Paolo7,Carrozza Francesco7,Cartenì Giacomo7,Caruso Davide7,Casadei Chiara7,Catalano Fabio7,Catalano Martina7,Cattrini Carlo7,Cavasin Nicolò7,Cavo Alessia7,Cecchi Luigi G7,Cecere Sabrina C7,Cerbone Linda7,Ceresoli Giovanni L7,Chiari Rita7,Chiellino Silvia7,Chiuri Vincenzo E7,Ciccarelli Stefano7,Cicero Giuseppe L7,Cinausero Marika7,Citarella Fabrizio7,Claps Melanie7,Cocorocchio Emilia7,Conteduca Vincenza7,Coppola Elisabetta7,Cordua Nadia7,Cossu Rocca Maria7,Courthod Giulia7,Cremante Malvina7,Cullurà Daniela7,Cursano Maria C7,D'Ostilio Nicola7,Dalla Volta Alberto7,Damassi Alessandra7,Daniele Bruno7,De Giorgi Ugo FF7,De Lisa Mariagrazia7,De Lisi Delia7,De Summa Simona7,De Vivo Rocco7,Debonis Silvia A7,Del Re Marzia7,Depetris Ilaria7,Di Civita Mattia A7,Di Costanzo Fabrizio7,Di Francesco Simona7,Di Girolamo Stefania7,Di Lorenzo Giuseppe7,Di Maio Massimo7,Di Napoli Marilena7,Di Rocco Roberta7,Di Tullio Piergiorgio7,Dinota Angelo7,Dionese Michele7,Donati Donatella7,Doni Laura7,Doronzo Antonio7,Dri Arianna7,Ermacora Paola7,Evangelista Laura7,Fanelli Martina7,Farè Elena7,Farnesi Azzurra7,Farolfi Alberto7,Febbraro Antonio7,Fedele Palma7,Federico Piera7,Filaci Gilberto7,Filippi Roberto7,Filograna Alessia7,Foderaro Simone7,Fontana Antonella7,Formisano Luigi7,Fornarini Giuseppe7,Francini Edoardo7,Franzese Ciro7,Fratino Lucia7,Galanti Daniele7,Galli Luca7,Gamba Teresa7,Gambale Elisabetta7,Garattini Silvio K7,Garibaldi Elisabetta7,Gasparro Donatello7,Gentile Anna L7,Germano Domenico7,Gernone Angela7,Ghilardi Laura7,Giannatempo Patrizia7,Gianni Caterina7,Gianotti Emilia7,Giorgione Roberta7,Giudice Giulia C7,Giunta Emilio F7,Gridelli Cesare7,Grillone Francesco7,Guadalupi Valentina7,Gualtieri Simona7,Guarneri Alessia S7,Guglielmo Priscilla7,Hamzaj Alketa7,Hamzaj Afete7,Iaia Maria L7,Ierinò Debora7,Incorvaia Lorena7,Ingenito Concetta7,Inzerilli Nicola7,Jubran Salim7,Kinspergher Stefania7,La Camera Antonella7,La Russa Francesca7,Lai Eleonora7,Lancia Federica7,Landriscina Matteo7,Lanfranchi Francesco7,Latteri Fiorenza7,Lenci Edoardo7,Lipari Helga MA7,Llaja Obispo Migual A7,Lo Vecchio Monica7,Lombardo Valentina N7,Lombardo Laura7,Luciani Andrea7,Macerelli Marianna7,Maffezzoli Michele7,Maines Francesca7,Maiorano Brigida A7,Malgeri Andrea7,Marinelli Daniele7,Maruzzo Marco7,Masini Cristina7,Massi Daiana7,Mastrorosa Alessandro7,Mattana Alvise7,Mencoboni Manlio7,Mennitto Alessia7,Mercinelli Chiara7,Messina Carlo7,Messina Marco7,Migliaccio Fortuna7,Migliari Marco7,Montagna Benedetta7,Montanari Daniela7,Morelli Anna M7,Morelli Franco7,Moroso Stefano7,Mosca Alessandra7,Mucciarini Claudia7,Hernandez Fernando M7,Murgia Viviana7,Murianni Veronica7,Murru Maura7,Muto Andrea7,Naglieri Emanuele7,Nasso Cecilia7,Nicodemo Maurizio7,Nolè Franco7,Orlando Valentina7,Ortega Cinzia7,Paccagnella Elisabetta7,Pacelli Roberto7,Palazzo Antonio7,Palesandro Erica7,Pantano Francesco7,Paolieri Federico7,Pappagallo Maria N7,Pappalardo Laura7,Pasqualini Antonella7,Passalacqua Rodolfo7,Passarelli Anna7,Pecoraro Giovanna7,Pedrazzoli Paolo7,Pelin Giulia M7,Pellino Antonio7,Pepe Alessio7,Perna Marco7,Perrino Matteo7,Perrone Francesco7,Perrucci Bruno7,Persano Mara7,Piancastelli Alessandra7,Picciotto Maria7,Pierantoni Francesco7,Pignata Sandro7,Pilato Brunella7,Piras Margherita7,Pireddu Annagrazia7,Pisano Chiara7,Pisano Carmela7,Piscazzi Annamaria7,Pisconti Salvatore R7,Pisino Marco7,Pitrè Alessandra7,Poeta Maria L7,Pompella Luca7,Poti Giulia7,Prati Veronica7,Procopio Giuseppe7,Puglia Livio7,Razzini Giorgia7,Rebuzzi Sara E7,Recine Federica7,Rescigno Pasquale7,Ribera Dario7,Ricotta Riccardo7,Rizzo Alessio7,Rizzo Mimma7,Roberto Michela7,Rollo Luisa7,Rossetti Sabrina7,Rossi Virginia7,Rossi Ernesto7,Rossi Lorena7,Rosti Giovanni7,Roviello Giandomenico7,Russi Elvio G7,Salesi Nello7,Salfi Alessia7,Sammarco Enrico7,Sanguedolce Francesca7,Sansi Camilla7,Santamaria Fiorenza7,Santini Daniele7,Santoni Matteo7,Sartori Donata7,Sartragno Camilla7,Sava Teodoro7,Sbrana Andrea7,Scagliarini Sarah7,Scala Stefania7,Scandurra Giuseppa7,Scattolin Daniela7,Schepisi Giuseppe7,Schettino Clorinda7,Schinzari Giovanni7,Secondino Simona7,Sepe Pierangela7,Serra Riccardo7,Signori Alessio7,Silvestro Giustino7,Sirotovà Zuzana7,Sorarù Mariella7,Soto Parra Hector7,Spinelli Gian P7,Stellato Marco7,Stumbo Luciano7,Tagliaferri Pierosandro7,Tambaro Rosa7,Tamberi Stefano7,Testi Irene7,Toma Ilaria7,Tomasino Mirko7,Tommasi Stefania7,Tortora Vincenzo7,Tortorella Anna7,Toscani ilaria7,Tralongo Paolo7,Triolo Renza7,Tucci Marcello7,Urban Susanna7,Urso Luca7,Valsecchi Anna A7,Veccia Antonello7,Vela Chiara7,Ventriglia Jole7,Verde Antonio7,Verzoni Elenza7,Vignani Francesca7,Vitale Maria G7,Vittimberga Isabella7,Zacchi Francesca7,Zago Giulia7,Zagonel Vittorina7,Zanardi Elisa7,Zara Diego7,Zeppellini Annalisa7,Zonno Antonia7,Zucali Paola A7,Zumstein Lucrezia7

Affiliation:

1. Oncology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

2. Oncology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

3. Medical Oncology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy

4. Oncology Unit, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy

5. Unit of Genito-Urinary Medical Oncology, IRCCS Foundation Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy

6. Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

7. for the MeetURO Group

Abstract

ImportanceImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have broadened the metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) therapeutic scenario. The association of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with response and survival in patients treated with ICIs is still controversial.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association of PD-L1 with response rate and overall survival among patients with mUC treated with ICIs.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, American Society of Clinical Oncology and European Society for Medical Oncology Meeting Libraries, and Web of Science were searched up to December 10, 2023.Study SelectionTwo authors independently screened the studies. Included studies were randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials enrolling patients with mUC receiving ICIs with available overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or overall response rate (ORR) data, separated between patients with PD-L1–positive and –negative tumors.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline was followed. Two reviewers independently extracted data. Fixed- or random-effects models were used depending on the heterogeneity among the studies.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were odds ratios (ORs) for ORR and hazard ratios (HRs) for OS, comparing patients with PD-L1–positive tumors and patients with PD-L1–negative tumors. Secondary outcomes were the PFS HR between patients with PD-L1–positive and –negative tumors and OS HR between ICI arms and non-ICI arms of only randomized clinical trials.ResultsA total of 14 studies were selected, comprising 5271 patients treated with ICIs (2625 patients had PD-L1–positive tumors). The ORR was 13.8% to 78.6% in patients with PD-L1–positive tumors and 5.1% to 63.2% in patients with PD-L1–negative tumors, with an association between PD-L1 status and ORR favoring patients with PD-L1–positive tumors (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.47-2.56; P < .001). Median OS ranged from 8.4 to 24.1 months in patients with PD-L1–positive tumors and from 6.0 to 19.1 months in patients with PD-L1–negative tumors. The pooled HR showed a significant reduction for patients with PD-L1–positive tumors compared with those with PD-L1–negative tumors in the risk of death (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.57-0.89; P = .003) and risk of progression (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44-0.69; P < .001) when ICIs were administered. PD-L1 is not likely to be a predictive biomarker of ICI response.Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that PD-L1 expression is associated with improved ORR, OS, and PFS for patients with mUC who receive ICIs, but it is unlikely to be useful as a predictive biomarker. Developing predictive biomarkers is essential to select patients most likely to benefit from ICIs and avoid toxic effects and financial burden with these agents.

Publisher

American Medical Association (AMA)

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