1. Division of Health Care Policy Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
2. OptumLabs, Cambridge, Massachusetts
3. Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Rochester, Minnesota
4. Division of Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
5. Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco
6. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
7. Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
8. Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
9. Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
10. VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven
11. Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
12. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
13. Previously with OptumLabs, Cambridge, Massachusetts
14. UnitedHealthcare, Boston, Massachusetts