1. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2. Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
3. AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, Médecine Intensive–Réanimation (Département “R3S”), Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Paris, France
4. Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5. Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
6. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
7. Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
8. Siriraj Hospital, Division of Respiratory Disease and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
9. Palliative and Advanced Illness Research (PAIR) Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
10. Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
11. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
12. Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada