1. Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
2. Division of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
3. Keelung Branch and Linkou Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
4. Linkou Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
5. Linkou Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
6. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan