Associations of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking With Disease Risk and Neurodegeneration in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis in the United Kingdom

Author:

Kleerekooper Iris12,Chua Sharon3,Foster Paul J.3,Trip S. Anand1,Plant Gordon T.1,Petzold Axel124,Patel Praveen3,Allen Naomi 5,Aslam Tariq5,Atan Denize5,Barman Sarah5,Barrett Jenny5,Bishop Paul5,Black Graeme5,Bunce Catey5,Carare Roxana5,Chakravarthy Usha5,Chan Michelle5,Chua Sharon5,Cipriani Valentina5,Day Alexander5,Desai Parul5,Dhillon Bal5,Dick Andrew5,Doney Alexander 5,Egan Cathy5,Ennis Sarah5,Foster Paul5,Fruttiger Marcus5,Gallacher John5,Garway-Heath David (Ted)5,Gibson Jane 5,Gore Dan5,Guggenheim Jeremy5,Hammond Chris5,Hardcastle Alison5,Harding Simon5,Hogg Ruth5,Hysi Pirro5,Keane Pearse5,Khaw Sir Peng Tee 5,Khawaja Anthony5,Lascaratos Gerassimos5,Littlejohns Thomas5,Lotery Andrew5,Luthert Phil5,Macgillivray  Tom5,Mackie Sarah5,McGuinness Bernadette5,McKay Gareth5,McKibbin Martin5,Mitry Danny5,Moore Tony5,Morgan James5,Muthy Zaynah5,O'Sullivan  Eoin5,Owen Chris5,Patel Praveen5,Paterson Euan5,Peto Tunde5,Petzold Axel5,Pontikos Nikolas5,Rahi Jugnoo5,Rudnicka Alicja5,Self Jay5,Sergouniotis Panagiotis5,Sivaprasad Sobha5,Steel David5,Stratton  Irene5,Strouthidis Nicholas5,Sudlow Cathie5,Sun Zihan5,Tapp Robyn5,Thaung  Caroline5,Thomas  Dhanes5,Trucco Emanuele5,Tufail Adnan5,Vernon Stephen5,Viswanathan Ananth5,Vitart Veronique5,Williams Katie5,Williams Cathy 5,Woodside Jayne5,Yates Max5,Yip Jennifer5,Zheng Yalin5,

Affiliation:

1. Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL (University College London) Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom

2. Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom

3. NIHR (National Institute for Health Research) Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS (National Health Service) Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom

4. Dutch Expertise Centre for Neuro-ophthalmology and MS (Multiple Sclerosis) Centre, Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical College, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

5. for the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium

Publisher

American Medical Association (AMA)

Subject

General Medicine

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