1. Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
2. National Clinician Scholars Program, University of California, Los Angeles
3. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
4. Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles
5. Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles
6. Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor
7. Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles