1. Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
2. Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
3. American College of Surgeons, Chicago, Illinois
4. Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Fairview, Ohio
5. Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
6. Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
7. Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison