1. Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
2. Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
3. Michigan Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network, Ann Arbor
4. Questrom School of Business, Institute for Health System Innovation and Policy, Department of Markets, Public Policy, and Law, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
5. Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
6. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor