1. The VA Outcomes Group, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont
2. The Section of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Hanover, New Hampshire
3. Division of Geriatric & Palliative Medicine, Internal Medicine and Institute for Healthcare Policy & Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
4. Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Hanover, New Hampshire
5. Endocrine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
6. Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan