Prevalence and Clinical Implications of a β-Amyloid–Negative, Tau-Positive Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Profile in Alzheimer Disease

Author:

Erickson Pontus1,Simrén Joel12,Brum Wagner S.13,Ennis Gilda E.45,Kollmorgen Gwendlyn6,Suridjan Ivonne6,Langhough Rebecca45,Jonaitis Erin M.45,Van Hulle Carol A.45,Betthauser Tobey J.45,Carlsson Cynthia M.4578,Asthana Sanjay4578,Ashton Nicholas J.191011,Johnson Sterling C.45,Shaw Leslie M.12,Blennow Kaj12,Andreasson Ulf12,Bendlin Barbara B.4,Zetterberg Henrik1241314,Weiner Michael15,Aisen Paul15,Petersen Ronald15,Jack Clifford R.15,Jagust William15,Trojanowki John Q15,Toga Arthur W.15,Beckett Laurel15,Green Robert C.15,Saykin Andrew J.15,Morris John15,Shaw Leslie M.15,Liu Enchi15,Montine Tom15,Thomas Ronald G.15,Donohue Michael15,Walter Sarah15,Gessert Devon15,Sather Tamie15,Jiminez Gus15,Harvey Danielle15,Bernstein Matthew15,Fox Nick15,Thompson Paul15,Schuff Norbert15,DeCArli Charles15,Borowski Bret15,Gunter Jeff15,Senjem Matt15,Vemuri Prashanthi15,Jones David15,Kantarci Kejal15,Ward Chad15,Koeppe Robert A.15,Foster Norm15,Reiman Eric M.15,Chen Kewei15,Mathis Chet15,Landau Susan15,Cairns Nigel J.15,Householder Erin15,Taylor Reinwald Lisa15,Lee Virginia15,Korecka Magdalena15,Figurski Michal15,Crawford Karen15,Neu Scott15,Foroud Tatiana M.15,Potkin Steven15,Shen Li15,Kelley Faber15,Kim Sungeun15,Nho Kwangsik15,Kachaturian Zaven15,Frank Richard15,J Snyder Peter J.15,Molchan Susan15,Kaye Jeffrey15,Quinn Joseph15,Lind Betty15,Carter Raina15,Dolen Sara15,Schneider Lon S.15,Pawluczyk Sonia15,Beccera Mauricio15,Teodoro Liberty15,M Spann Bryan M.15,Brewer James15,Vanderswag Helen15,Fleisher Adam15,Heidebrink Judith L15,Lord Joanne L15,Mason Sara15,Albers Colleen15,Knopman David15,Johnson Kris15,Doody Rachelle S15,Villanueva Meyer Javier15,Chowdhury Munir15,Rountree Susan15,Dang Mimi15,Stern Yaakov15,Honig Lawrence S15,Bell Karen L15,Ances Beau15,Morris John C15,Carroll Maria15,Leon Sue15,Mintun Mark A15,Schneider Stacy15,OliverNG Angela15,Griffith Randall15,Clark David15,Geldmacher David15,Brockington John15,Roberson Erik15,Grossman Hillel15,Mitsis Effie15,deToledo-Morrell Leyla15,Shah Raj C15,Duara Ranjan15,Varon Daniel15,Greig Maria T15,Roberts Peggy15,Albert Marilyn15,Onyike Chiadi15,D’Agostino Daniel15,Kielb Stephanie15,Galvin James E15,Pogorelec Dana M15,Cerbone Brittany15,Michel Christina A15,Rusinek Henry15,de Leon Mony J15,Glodzik Lidia15,De Santi Susan15,Murali Doraiswamy P15,R Petrella Jeffrey15,Z Wong Terence15,E Arnold Steven15,H Karlawish Jason15,Wolk David15,D Smith Charles15,Jicha Greg15,Hardy Peter15,Sinha Partha15,Oates Elizabeth15,Conrad Gary15,Lopez Oscar15,Oakley MaryAnn15,Simpson Donna15,Porsteinsson Anton15,Goldstein Bonnie15,Martin Kim15,Makino Kelly15,Saleem Ismail M15,Brand Connie15,Mulnard Ruth15,Thai Gaby15,Mc Adams Ortiz Catherine15,Womack Kyle15,Mathews Dana15,Quiceno Mary15,Diaz Arrastia Ramon15,King Richard15,Weiner Myron15,Martin Cook Kristen15,DeVous Michael15,Levey Allan15,Lah James15,Cellar Janet15,Burns Jeffrey15,Anderson Heather15,Swerdlow Russell15,Apostolova Liana15,Tingus Kathleen15,Woo Ellen15,Silverman Daniel15,Lu Po15,Bartzokis George15,Graff Radford Neill15,ParfittH Francine15,Kendall Tracy15,Johnson Heather15,Farlow Martin15,Marie Hake Ann15,Matthews Brandy15,Herring Scott15,Hunt Cynthia15,van Dyck Christopher15,Carson Richard15,MacAvoy Martha G15,Chertkow Howard15,Bergman Howard15,Hosein Chris15,Black Sandra15,Stefanovic Bojana15,Caldwell Curtis15,Yuek Robin Hsiung Ging15,Feldman Howard15,Mudge Benita15,Assaly Past Michele15,Kertesz Andrew15,Rogers John15,Trost Dick15,Bernick Charles15,Munic Donna15,Kerwin Diana15,Marsel Mesulam Marek15,Lipowski Kristine15,Kuo Wu Chuang15,Johnson Nancy15,Sadowsky Carl15,Martinez Walter15,Villena Teresa15,Scott Turner Raymond15,Johnson Kathleen15,Reynolds Brigid15,Sperling Reisa A15,Johnson Keith A15,Marshall Gad15,Frey Meghan15,Yesavage Jerome15,Taylor Joy L15,Lane Barton15,Rosen Allyson15,Tinklenberg Jared15,Sabbagh Marwan N15,Belden Christine M15,Jacobson Sandra A15,Sirrel Sherye A15,Kowall Neil15,Killiany Ronald15,Budson Andrew E15,Norbash Alexander15,Lynn Johnson Patricia15,Obisesan Thomas O15,Wolday Saba15,Allard Joanne15,Lerner Alan15,Ogrocki Paula15,Hudson Leon15,Fletcher Evan15,Carmichael Owen15,Olichney John15,DeCarli Charles15,Kittur Smita15,Borrie Michael15,Lee T Y15,Bartha Rob15,Johnson Sterling15,Asthana Sanjay15,Carlsson Cynthia M15,G Potkin Steven G15,Preda Adrian15,Nguyen Dana15,Tariot Pierre15,Reeder Stephanie15,Bates Vernice15,Capote Horacio15,Rainka Michelle15,Scharre Douglas W15,Kataki Maria15,Adeli Anahita15,Zimmerman Earl A15,Celmins Dzintra15,Brown Alice D15,Pearlson Godfrey D15,Blank Karen15,Anderson Karen15,Santulli Robert B15,Kitzmiller Tamar J15,Schwartz Eben S15,SinkS Kaycee M15,Williamson Jeff D15,Garg Pradeep15,Watkins Franklin15,Ott Brian R15,Querfurth Henry15,Tremont Geoffrey15,Salloway Stephen15,Malloy Paul15,Correia Stephen15,Rosen Howard J15,Miller Bruce L15,Mintzer Jacobo15,Spicer Kenneth15,Bachman David15,Finger Elizabether15,Pasternak Stephen15,Rachinsky Irina15,Drost Dick15,Pomara Nunzio15,Hernando Raymundo15,Sarrael Antero15,Schultz Susan K15,Boles Ponto Laura L15,Shim Hyungsub15,Elizabeth Smith Karen15,Relkin Norman15,Chaing Gloria15,Raudin Lisa15,Smith Amanda15,Fargher Kristin15,Ashok Raj Balebail15,

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

2. Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

3. Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

4. School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison

5. Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison

6. Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany

7. Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison

8. Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center of the Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin

9. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Institute Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, England

10. NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, England

11. Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway

12. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia

13. Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, London, England

14. UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, England

15. for the ADNI Cohort

Abstract

ImportanceKnowledge is lacking on the prevalence and prognosis of individuals with a β-amyloid–negative, tau-positive (A−T+) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker profile.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of a CSF A−T+ biomarker profile and investigate its clinical implications.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective cohort study of the cross-sectional multicenter University of Gothenburg (UGOT) cohort (November 2019-January 2021), the longitudinal multicenter Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort (individuals with mild cognitive impairment [MCI] and no cognitive impairment; September 2005-May 2022), and 2 Wisconsin cohorts, Wisconsin Alzheimer Disease Research Center and Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer Prevention (WISC; individuals without cognitive impairment; February 2007-November 2020). This was a multicenter study, with data collected from referral centers in clinical routine (UGOT) and research settings (ADNI and WISC). Eligible individuals had 1 lumbar puncture (all cohorts), 2 or more cognitive assessments (ADNI and WISC), and imaging (ADNI only) performed on 2 separate occasions. Data were analyzed on August 2022 to April 2023.ExposuresBaseline CSF Aβ42/40 and phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181; cognitive tests (ADNI: modified preclinical Alzheimer cognitive composite [mPACC]; WISC: modified 3-test PACC [PACC-3]). Exposures in the ADNI cohort included [18F]-florbetapir amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET), and cross-sectional tau-PET (ADNI: [18F]-flortaucipir, WISC: [18F]-MK6240).Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were the prevalence of CSF AT biomarker profiles and continuous longitudinal global cognitive outcome and imaging biomarker trajectories in A−T+ vs A−T− groups. Secondary outcomes included cross-sectional tau-PET.ResultsA total of 7679 individuals (mean [SD] age, 71.0 [8.4] years; 4101 male [53%]) were included in the UGOT cohort, 970 individuals (mean [SD] age, 73 [7.0] years; 526 male [54%]) were included in the ADNI cohort, and 519 individuals (mean [SD] age, 60 [7.3] years; 346 female [67%]) were included in the WISC cohort. The prevalence of an A−T+ profile in the UGOT cohort was 4.1% (95% CI, 3.7%-4.6%), being less common than the other patterns. Longitudinally, no significant differences in rates of worsening were observed between A−T+ and A−T− profiles for cognition or imaging biomarkers. Cross-sectionally, A−T+ had similar tau-PET uptake to individuals with an A−T− biomarker profile.Conclusion and RelevanceResults suggest that the CSF A−T+ biomarker profile was found in approximately 5% of lumbar punctures and was not associated with a higher rate of cognitive decline or biomarker signs of disease progression compared with biomarker-negative individuals.

Publisher

American Medical Association (AMA)

Subject

Neurology (clinical)

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