1. Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
2. Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
3. Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
4. Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
5. Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
6. Center for Surgery and Health Economics, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia