1. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2. Odette Cancer Centre, Division of Surgical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
3. Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
4. ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5. Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
6. Department of Anesthesiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
7. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
8. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
9. Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
10. CHU de Québec–Université Laval Research Centre, Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, Trauma– Emergency–Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
11. Departments of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
12. Department of Anesthesiology and The Wilson Centre, University Health Network–Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
13. Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
14. Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
15. Section of Thoracic Surgery, Departments of Surgery and of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
16. Department of Anesthesiology, St Paul’s Hospital/Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada