1. Division of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care, and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
2. Penn Acute Research Collaboration (PARC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
3. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
4. Department of Quantitative Health Sciences and Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
5. Department of Anesthesia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia