1. Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor2Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
2. Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
3. Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor3Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor4Department of Economics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
4. Integrated Delivery System, Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Hanover, New Hampshire6Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Hanover, New Hampshire7Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
5. Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Hanover, New Hampshire7Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire