1. Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
2. Center for Surgery and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
3. Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
4. Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
5. Premier Applied Sciences, Premier, Inc, Charlotte, North Carolina
6. Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
7. Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
8. Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts