1. Orthodontic Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
2. Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
3. Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
4. Professor, North Parana Dental School, Londrina, PR, Brazil
5. University of Connecticut Orthodontic Alumni Endowed Chair and Professor, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Conn