Reliability of the Adhesive Remnant Index Score System with Different Magnifications

Abstract

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores show no differences when examined under different magnifications. Materials and Methods: The study included 80 upper human premolars. Stainless steel brackets were bonded to the specimens with Transbond XT light cure adhesive and Transbond Plus Self Etch Primer (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif, USA). The brackets were debonded 24 hours after bonding with a universal testing machine (LLOYD Instruments, Segensworth, Fareham, England) at a cross head speed of 2.00 mm/min. The adhesive remnant was evaluated after debonding with the naked eye and under 10× and 20× magnification (Mag) using the 4-point scale described by Årtun and Bergland. Results: ARI scores were significantly different at different magnifications (P = .018). Scores were not significantly different when evaluated with the naked eye and under 10× Mag (P = .102). Scores were significantly different under 20× Mag and with the naked eye (P = .014); under 20× Mag, score 0 decreased from 12 to 6 and score 2 increased from 14 to 20 and also under 20× Mag and under 10× Mag (P = .046); the under 20× Mag score 1 decreased from 40 to 38 and score 3 increased from 14 to 16. Conclusion: ARI scores were significantly different under 20× Mag, where score 0 decreased and score 2 increased compared with the naked eye, while score 1 decreased and score 3 increased compared with 10× Mag.