ВИХОВАННЯ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТІ В УЧНІВ ШКІЛ ФРАНЦІЇ У КОНТЕКСТІ МОРАЛЬНОЇ ТА ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ

Abstract

Tolerance is one of the important values of the French education system that is brought up at school. Transferring values is the mission of the school along with the transfer of knowledge and skills. The need for fostering tolerance in French school students is driven by the current political and socio-economic situation in France. The rise in manifestations of intolerance, violence, xenophobia, racism in society has led the state to take active steps in public education, in particular, to introduce such a compulsory subject as moral and civic education. The purpose of the article is to highlight the experience of fostering tolerance in French secondary schools in the context of the school subject of "moral and civic education". The process of education of tolerance through the prism of moral and civic education is considered in the article. By analyzing the content of the curriculum, as well as methods such as synthesis, generalization, systematization, structural method, the basic approaches to the education of tolerance, the corresponding principles of moral and civic education, as well as the components by which the introduction of tolerance to the students of French schools are highlighted. Educating tolerance in French secondary schools is a systematic, ongoing process organized at the state level. It is implemented, inter alia, through the teaching of the compulsory subject of "moral and civic education", which covers all students from elementary to high school. Education of tolerance is carried out in accordance with the principles of moral and civic education (principle of autonomy, principle of discipline, principle of coexistence, principle of community) and is based on the values of the French Republic. According to the principles of moral and civic education, the following approaches to the cultivation of tolerance have been identified: sensitive, normative, cognitive and practical. Each of these approaches has different components, such as sensitivity, judgment, law and rule, obligation and responsibility. They find their practice in the subject of "moral and civic education".