THE SYSTEM OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF PERSISTENCE OF SUCCESSFUL AND UNSUCCESSFUL STUDENTS IN EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Abstract

The relevance of research. The analysis of students' persistence in learning is a promising and insufficiently studied direction of volitional regulation of educational activity. The search for psychological (cognitive, emotional-volitional, motivational and personal) predictors of persistence is especially relevant (Magdalena Marszał-Wiśniewska, Ewa Jarczewska-Gerc, 2015). The formation of persistence in studies as a volitional quality of a person and a mechanism for self-regulation of activity can be considered as the goal of the efforts of counseling psychologists, psychological support workers who work with students in higher education institutions. The impacts that develop can be directed towards psychological predictors of persistence. The aim of the study is to build an integral model that would be based on reliable empirical data and would combine a system of psychological predictors of student persistence in learning. It is also important to develop variants of this model for successful and unsuccessful students. Sample and research methods. The sample - 156 people (125 women and 31 men) at the age from 17 to 26 years old - students of H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Kharkiv Pedagogical Lyceum No. 4. Using the procedure of multiple regression analysis, the cumulative (systemic) influence of a number of factors on persistence in learning was assessed. Among them: GRIT general tenacity, alienation and burnout from learning, hardiness, coping strategies, sensitivity to feedback, Big-Five factors, dispositional optimism, academic self-regulation, procrastination and success. The results were processed both for the entire sample as a whole and separately for the groups of successful and unsuccessful students. The dependent variable in regression analysis was persistence in learning action. It was measured using the author's questionnaire by M. Kuznetsov and A. Halata (2017). Results. The greatest influence on the part of diagnosed predictors was found for a group of students with low academic performance. The smallest number of predictors was found for the group of students with high academic performance. The most influential were the cognitive predictor of persistence - sensitivity to feedback and a strong-willed predictor - persistence according to the Grit method. Lack of academic procrastination is a behavioral factor in the development of persistence among successful and unsuccessful students. A distinctive characteristic for the formation of the optimal level of persistence in the group with low academic performance was the dependence of persistence on emotional-volitional, behavioral and personal predictors. Conclusions. The most powerful predictors of learning persistence are sensitivity to feedback, emotional stability, extraversion and conscientiousness, identified regulation of learning activity and regulation by one's own motivation, high hardiness of the individual, coping strategy aimed at solving a problem. Academic procrastination, external regulation of educational activity, coping strategy "emotions", alienation and burnout from learning negatively affect academic persistence.