ІНКЛЮЗИВНЕ СУСПІЛЬСТВО: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНІ ВИМІРИ

Abstract

The article considers the forms of functioning and the peculiarities of the inclusive society. The details of the processes of inclusion-exclusion that together fulfill the selection in all the spheres of society are considered. The significant attention is given to the revealing of the specificity of selective process in the social and cultural and political spheres of society, that are related in a compensatory way between themselves: the predominance of the exclusion in one sphere is compensated by the inclusivity of the second sphere. There was identified a significant difference in the way of the selection in traditional, totalitarian and democratic societies. In the first one it is homogeneous and linear, in the second - open and heterogeneous with a possibility of goal and value changing, including (self)denial and the risks of instability. With P. Sorokin's work as an example the unity of the processes of inclusivity growth and the democratization of the education and of the society in general is shown. The main differences between the processes of inclusion, integration and exclusion, differentiation and the centered and centrifugal flows in society are shown. It is important that the processes of differentiation and integration are multiple and include both inclusive and exclusive aspects, that is a double effect and consequences. That is why the modern society is developing basing itself not only on the differentiation (according to N. Luhmann), but on the mobile balance and the regulation of the contradictory processes including differentiation-integration, ecxlusion-inclusion by means of «modalization» of the difference between them and the possibility of their mutual conversion and combination. The inclusivity facilitates bringing together, coordination of different subjects' activity and the integrative processes in general. These last ones are necessary for the solving of global problem of nowadays. The processes of selection and inclusion taking place in different spheres facilitate the transforming of the power and traditionally hierarchical structures into the democratic ones. The main forms of selection are shown: patterns, functionality, education, complexity. It is identified that the inclusivity is the main attribute and form of development of a democratic society.