1. Bellow, Jr., T. S., Driesche, R. G. van & Elkinton, J. S. E. 1992. Life-table construction and analysis in the evaluation of natural enemies. Ann. Rev. Entomol., 37: 587-614.
2. Fincke, O. M., 1988. Sources of variation in lifetime reproductive success in a nonterritorial damselfly (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). In: Clutton-Brock, T. H. (ed.) Reproductive Success, 24-43. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
3. Natural enemies may be a cause of discrete generations in tropical insects
4. Kalshoven, L .G. E., 1981. Pest of Crops in Indonesia. (P.A. van der Laan, rev. and transl.). P. T. Ichtiar Baru-Van Hoeve, Jakarta.
5. Lawton, J. H., 1985. Population dynamic principles. In: Lawton, J. H. & May, R. M. (eds.) Extinction Rates. Oxford University Press, Oxford.