Influence of foundation stiffness on deformation of layered building structures

Abstract

Widespread introduction into the industry of layered structures, in particular three-layer plates, shells and is impossible without effective methods of their strength and reliability. High strength and rigidity at relatively low weight damping and thermal insulation properties of these structures have led to their use in modern construction and mechanical engineering. Three-layer plates and shells, as a rule, are a combination of materials heterogeneous in their physical and mechanical properties. The calculation of such structures is a very complex task, the solution of which should be based on mathematical models with a high degree of reliability and reflect the real mechanical properties. During operation, three-layer structures are under the influence of significant static loads. Therefore, the development of effective and cost-effective methods for solving the problems of statics of three-layer systems is an urgent problem. In transport construction, the calculation scheme in the form of a plate on an elastic basis is used to calculate pavement, slabs. The paper considers the bending of a three-layer plate with a rigid filler, which is on an elastic basis. Hypotheses of a broken line are accepted for the description of kinematics of deformation. The contour of the plate has a rigid diaphragm, which prevents the relative displacement of the layers. Analytical and numerical calculations of the three-layer finite element method were performed. As a result of the calculation, the dependences of the deflection on the stiffness coefficient of the base were determined. Recommendations on the choice of stiffness factor are given. Taking into account the stiffness of the elastic base leads to a significant clarification of the stress state that occurs in the three-layer plate under external force. The influence of the stiffness of the base on the deflection of the structure is analyzed, it gives the opportunity to determine the optimal parameters of this mechanical system, and give the necessary recommendations for its use.