1. 1) T. J. Vance, An Introduction to Japanese Phonology (SUNY Press, New York, 1987).
2. 2) T. Arai and S. Greenberg, ``The temporal properties of spoken Japanese are similar to those of English,'' Proc. Eurospeech '97, Vol. 2, Rhodes, pp. 1011-1014 (1997).
3. 3) E. Dupoux, K. Kakehi, Y. Hirose and C. Pallier, ``Epenthetic vowels in Japanese: A perceptual illusion?,'' J. Exp. Psychol.: Hum. Percept. Perform., 25, 1568-1578 (1999).
4. 4) K. Maekawa and H. Kikuchi, ``Corpus-based analysis of vowel devoicing in spontaneous Japanese: An interim report,'' in Voicing in Japanese, J. van de Weijr, K. Nanjo and T. Nishihara, Eds. (Mouton de Gruyter, 2005), pp. 205-228.
5. 5) L. Fais, S. Kajikawa, S. Amano and J. Werker, ``Now you hear it, now you don't: Vowel devoicing in Japanese infant-directed speech,'' J. Chill Lang., 37, 319-340 (2010).