MONITORING OF VARIETY IMPURITY CONTENT IN NURSERY-GARDEN OF PRIMARY AND ELITE SEED BREEDING OF FIBRE FLAX

Abstract

The most common reason for varietal impurities of long-stalked type in the crops of fiber flax is non-compliance with the basic requirements of internal control when working with several flax varieties on the farm or when carrying out a variety change. During field testing, the identification of biological impurity of the intermediate type is not completely carried out due to the unevenness of the crops. Due to morphological similarity of fiber flax varieties, it is impossible to determine the percentage of mechanical variety impurities of the long-stalked type. The aim of the research is to study the reproduction dynamics of variety impurity of K-7009 long- stalked form of flax, which has a yellow color of seeds, in the seeds of fiber flax contaminated with it after 6-year sowing. The aim is also to clarify the parameter of variety purity of fiber flax seeds of the following categories: genuine seeds (GS) and elite seeds (ES) in State Standard GOST R 52325-2005. The research was carried out in 2015-2020 in the field conditions of the Experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Bast Cultures" in Tver region. The objects of the study were plants and seeds of Antey fiber flax variety (control). The usage of variety admixture of the long-stalked flax form with a marker trait made it possible to accurately determine its content in the crop in case of seed multiplication in nurseries of primary seed growing, superelite (GS) and elite (ES). It was found that variety contamination of fiber flax seeds with variety admixture in the amount of 0.2-1.0% did not affect the yield of seeds and straw. As a result of five-year reproduction of seeds in the crops of GS category, an increase in the amount of variety impurity was noted by 0.1-1.3%, in the ES category - by 0.3-2.1% compared to initial contamination. Based on the obtained experimental data, it was recommended to reduce variety purity index for the category of genuine fiber flax seeds in State Standard GOST R 52325-2005 to 99.5%, elite - to 90%.